Activated kabhoni (AC) inoreva zvinhu zvine kabhoni zvakanyanya zvine porosity yakakwira uye sorption inogadzirwa kubva muhuni, makokonati mateko, marasha, makoni, nezvimwewo. AC ndechimwe chezvinoshandiswa kazhinji adsorbents anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana kubvisa zvinosvibisa zvakawanda. kubva mumvura nemhepo. Sezvo, AC yakasanganiswa kubva kune zvekurima nemarara zvigadzirwa, yakaratidza kuve imwe nzira huru kune yagara ichishandiswa isingadzokerike uye inodhura masosi. Kugadzirira kwe AC, maitiro maviri ekutanga, carbonization uye activation, anoshandiswa. Muchiito chekutanga, precursors inoiswa pasi pekushisa kwepamusoro, pakati pe400 ne850 ° C, kudzinga zvinhu zvose zvinoputika. Tembiricha yakakwira inobvisa zvese zvisiri kabhoni kubva kune inotangira sehydrogen, okisijeni, uye nitrogen muchimiro chemagasi netara. Iyi nzira inoburitsa char ine yakakwira-kabhoni yemukati asi yakaderera nzvimbo uye porosity. Nekudaro, danho rechipiri rinosanganisira kuvhurwa kwechar yakambogadzirwa. Kukwidziridza saizi yepore panguva yekuita activation inogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: kuvhurwa kweasati asvika pores, kuvandudzwa kwepore nekusarudza activation, uye kuwedzera kwepores aripo.
Kazhinji, nzira mbiri, dzemuviri nemakemikari, dzinoshandiswa kuita activation kuti iwane inodiwa nzvimbo uye porosity. Physical activation inosanganisira kushandiswa kwecarbonized char uchishandisa oxidizing magasi akadai semhepo, carbon dioxide, uye steam pane tembiricha yepamusoro (pakati pe650 ne900 ° C). Carbon dioxide inowanzofarirwa nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakachena, kubata kuri nyore, uye inodzoreka activation process yakatenderedza 800°C. Kufanana kwepore kwakakwirira kunogona kuwanikwa nekabhoni dioxide activation mukuenzanisa nemhepo. Nekudaro, pakuita kwemuviri, chiutsi chinonyanya kufarirwa kana chichienzaniswa nekabhoni dhaikisaidhi sezvo AC ine nzvimbo yakakwira yepamusoro inogona kugadzirwa. Nekuda kweiyo diki molecule saizi yemvura, kupararira kwayo mukati mechar chimiro kunoitika nemazvo. Activation by steam yakawanikwa ichitenderedza kaviri kusvika katatu yakakwira kupfuura kabhoni dhiabhorosi ine dhigirii yakafanana yekutendeuka.
Nekudaro, maitiro emakemikari anosanganisira kusanganiswa kwe precursor ne activating agents (NaOH, KOH, uye FeCl3, nezvimwewo). Aya ma activating agents anoshanda se oxidants pamwe ne dehydrating agents. Nenzira iyi, carbonization uye activation inoitwa panguva imwe chete pakuenzanisa yakadzika tembiricha 300-500 ° C kana ichienzaniswa nemaitiro emuviri. Nekuda kweizvozvo, zvinokonzeresa kuparara kwepyrolytic uye, zvino, zvinoguma nekuwedzera kwekunatsiridza porous chimiro uye yakakwira kabhoni goho. Mabhenefiti makuru emakemikari pamusoro pemaitiro emuviri ndeye yakaderera tembiricha inodiwa, yakakwira microporosity zvimiro, nzvimbo yakakura yepasi, uye yakaderedzwa kuita yekupedzisa nguva.
Kukwirira kwemakemikari activation nzira inogona kutsanangurwa pahwaro hwemuenzaniso wakatsanangurwa naKim nevamwe vake vaanoshanda navo [1] zvichienderana nekuti akasiyana spherical microdomain ane chekuita nekuumbwa kwemamicropores anowanikwa muAC. Kune rimwe divi, mesopores anogadzirwa munzvimbo dze intermicrodomain. Nekuedza, vakagadzira activated kabhoni kubva phenol-based resin nekemikari (vachishandisa KOH) uye yemuviri (vachishandisa steam) activation (Mufananidzo 1). Mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti AC yakasanganiswa neKOH activation yaive nepamusoro penzvimbo ye2878 m2/g kana ichienzaniswa ne2213 m2/g nemhepo activation. Pamusoro pezvo, zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita senge saizi yepore, nzvimbo yepamusoro, micropore vhoriyamu, uye avhareji yehupamhi hwepore zvese zvakawanikwa zviri nani muKOH-yakagadziriswa mamiriro kana zvichienzaniswa nemhepo yakabatidzwa.
Misiyano pakati pe AC Yakagadzirirwa kubva kumhepo activation (C6S9) uye KOH activation (C6K9), zvichiteerana, inotsanangurwa maererano neiyo microstructure modhi.
Zvichienderana nehukuru hwechikamu uye nzira yekugadzirira, inogona kuiswa mumhando nhatu: powered AC, granular AC, uye bead AC. Powered AC inoumbwa kubva kune yakanaka granules ine saizi 1 mm ine avhareji yedhayamita renji ye0.15-0.25 mm. Granular AC ine saizi yakakura uye shoma yekunze nzvimbo. Granular AC inoshandiswa kune akasiyana-siyana emvura chikamu uye gaseous chikamu mashandisirwo zvichienderana neayo dimension ratio. Kirasi yechitatu: bead AC inowanzogadzirwa kubva papitch yepetroleum ine dhayamita kubva pa0.35 kusvika 0.8 mm. Iyo inozivikanwa nokuda kwayo yakakwirira mechanical simba uye yakaderera guruva. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumibhedha yakanyungudutswa senge kusefa kwemvura nekuda kwekutenderera kwayo.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2022