Kabhoni inoshandiswa, dzimwe nguva inonzi charcoal inoshandiswa, chinhu chinokwezva zvinhu zvikuru chinokosheswa nekuda kwechimiro chayo chine maburi akawanda chinoita kuti ikwanise kubata nekubata zvinhu zvinobudirira.
Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana kubvisa zvinhu zvisingadiwe kubva mumvura kana magasi, kabhoni inogadziriswa inogona kushandiswa kune akawanda mashandisirwo anoda kubviswa kwetsvina kana zvinhu zvisingadiwe, kubva pakuchenesa mvura nemhepo, kusvika pakugadzirisa ivhu, uye kunyange kudzoreredzwa kwegoridhe.
Pano pane ongororo yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana izvi.
CHII CHINONZI AKASHANDISWA KABHONINI?
Kabhoni inoshandiswa mukushanda ichinhu chinobva mukabhoni chakagadziriswa kuti chiwedzere kunaka kwayo, zvichiita kuti chinhu chinonyungudutsa chiri nani.
Kabhoni inoshandiswa ine maburi anoshamisa anoita kuti ive nenzvimbo yakakwirira kwazvo yekubata zvinhu, uye inogona kugadzirwa kubva muzvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakapfuma mukabhoni, zvinosanganisira:
Magoko ekokonati
Huni
Marasha
Peat
Uye zvimwe…
Zvichienderana nekwakabva zvinhu, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa dzinoshandiswa kugadzira kabhoni inogadzirwa, hunhu hwemuviri uye hwemakemikari hwechigadzirwa chekupedzisira hunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya.² Izvi zvinogadzira matrix yemikana yekusiyana kwemakabhoni anogadzirwa mukutengeserana, nemazana emhando dziripo. Nekuda kweizvi, makabhoni anogadzirwa mukutengeserana anonyanya kugadzirwa kuti awane mhedzisiro yakanakisa yekushandisa kwakapihwa.
Pasinei nekusiyana kwakadaro, kune mhando nhatu huru dzekabhoni inogadzirwa:
Kabhoni Yakagadziriswa neUpfu (PAC)
Macarbon anoshandiswa nehupfu anowanzova pakati pe5 kusvika 150 Å, uye mamwe masayizi ari kunze anowanikwa. MaPAC anowanzo shandiswa mukushandiswa kwemvura inodziya uye anopa mari shoma yekugadzirisa uye kushanduka-shanduka pakushanda.
Kabhoni Yakagadziriswa Granular (GAC)
Macarbon anoshandiswa negranular anowanzova nehukuru hwezvikamu zve 0.2 mm kusvika 5 mm uye anogona kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwegasi uye mvura. MaGAC anozivikanwa nekuti anopa kubatwa kwakachena uye anogara kwenguva refu kupfuura maPAC.
Pamusoro pezvo, zvinopa simba rakavandudzwa (kuoma) uye zvinogona kugadziriswazve uye kushandiswazve.
Kabhoni Yakashandiswa Yakaburitswa (EAC)
Macarbon anoshandiswa akabudiswa imhando ye cylindrical pellet ine saizi kubva pa1 mm kusvika 5 mm. Kazhinji inoshandiswa mu gas phase reactions, maEAC icarbon inogadzirwa ne heavy-duty activated carbon nekuda kwe extrusion process.
Mamwe Mhando
Mamwe marudzi e activated carbon anosanganisira:
Kabhoni Yakagadziriswa neBead
Kabhoni Yakaiswa Mudumbu
Kabhoni Yakaputirwa nePolymer
Machira eKabhoni Anoshanda
Mafirita eCarbon Akashanda
ZVINHU ZVEKABHONI YAKASHANDISWA
Pakusarudza kabhoni inoshandiswa pakushandisa chimwe chinhu, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo:
Maumbirwo ePore
Maumbirwo emaburi e activated carbon anosiyana uye anonyanya kukonzerwa nezvinhu zvinobva mukugadzirwa kwayo.¹ Maumbirwo emaburi, pamwe chete nemasimba anokwezva, ndiwo anoita kuti adsorption iitike.
Kuoma/Kukwesha
Kuoma/kuora chinhu chakakoshawo pakusarudza. Mashandisirwo mazhinji anoda kuti kabhoni inogadziriswa ive nesimba guru uye inodzivirira kudonha kwechinhu (kupwanyika kwezvinhu kuita fines). Kabhoni inogadziriswa inogadzirwa kubva mumagoko ekokonati ine kuoma kwakanyanya kwekabhoni dzinogadziriswa.4
Zvimiro Zvinodzivirira Kusvuta
Hunhu hwekunwisa kabhoni inonyungudika hunosanganisira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinosanganisira kugona kunwisa kabhoni, mwero wekunwisa kabhoni, uye kushanda kwese kwekabhoni inonyungudika.4
Zvichienderana nekushandiswa (mvura kana gasi), hunhu uhwu hunogona kuratidzwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira huwandu hweayodini, nzvimbo yepamusoro, uye Carbon Tetrachloride Activity (CTC).4
Kuwanda Kunoonekwa
Kunyange hazvo huwandu hwezvinhu husingakanganisi kunyudzwa kwemvura pahuremu hweyuniti, zvichakanganisa kunyudzwa kwemvura pahuremu hweyuniti.4
Hunyoro
Zvakanaka kuti huwandu hwehunyoro hwemuviri huri mukati meactivated carbon hunofanira kuwira mukati me3-6%.4
Zviri Mudota
Kuwanda kweash kabhoni inoshandiswa muash ndiyo chiyero chechinhu chisina kusimba, chisina chimiro, chisina makemikari, uye chisingashandiswi. Kuwanda kweash kabhoni inoshandiswa muash kunofanirwa kunge kwakaderera sezvinobvira, sezvo mhando yeash kabhoni inoshandiswa muash ichiwedzera sezvo kuderera kweash kabhoni.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-15-2022